Nutrient glossary

What is vitamin K?

Vitamin K activates the proteins that clot blood and bind calcium into bone; leafy greens are its home ground.

Reviewed 20 July 2026. General information, not medical advice.

The short version

The K is from "Koagulation": without vitamin K your blood cannot clot. It also activates the proteins that lock calcium into bone rather than soft tissue, which ties it into long-term bone strength.

Kale, spinach, chard and broccoli are dense in K1, and your gut bacteria plus fermented foods add K2. It is fat-soluble, so greens dressed with oil deliver more of it.

Daily reference

75 µg a day

The reference scales with body weight at about 1 µg per kg a day, so 75 µg for a 75 kg adult. People on warfarin should keep intake steady rather than low, with their care team.

This is the fixed adult reference used across these pages. In the app, your amount adjusts to your body and way of eating.

Best food sources of vitamin K

Full ranking
FoodPer servingPer 100g
Swiss Chard299 µg830 µg
Spinach290 µg483 µg
Broccoli (cooked)220 µg141 µg
Parsley164 µg1,640 µg
Kale164 µg390 µg
Collard Greens157 µg437 µg
Brussels Sprouts156 µg177 µg
Mixed Salad Greens119 µg140 µg

Common questions

Can I eat leafy greens on blood thinners?
On warfarin the goal is a steady vitamin K intake, not avoidance; sudden changes in either direction shift the dose response. Newer anticoagulants do not interact with vitamin K.
What is the difference between K1 and K2?
K1 from greens handles clotting; K2, made by bacteria and found in fermented foods and some animal foods, appears more active in bone and blood vessels.