Nutrient glossary

What is selenium?

Selenium fuels antioxidant enzymes and thyroid hormone conversion; two brazil nuts cover a day.

Reviewed 20 July 2026. General information, not medical advice.

The short version

Selenium slots into proteins that protect cells from oxidative damage, convert thyroid hormone into its active form and support sperm production. UK soils are relatively low in it, so intakes here run closer to the line than in North America.

Brazil nuts are famously dense, one or two nuts can cover the day, and fish, meat, eggs and wholegrains carry the rest.

Daily reference

75 µg a day

The reference is 75 µg a day for men and 60 µg for women. The safe upper level is a few hundred µg, which a large daily handful of brazil nuts can approach, so treat them as a couple-a-day food.

This is the fixed adult reference used across these pages. In the app, your amount adjusts to your body and way of eating.

Best food sources of selenium

Full ranking
FoodPer servingPer 100g
Brazil Nuts384 µg1,920 µg
Tuna Steak140 µg108 µg
Mussels90 µg90 µg
Tuna (canned)84 µg70 µg
Halibut78 µg55 µg
Lobster73 µg73 µg
Tilapia65 µg54 µg
Salmon Fillet62 µg41 µg

Common questions

How many brazil nuts should I eat a day?
One to three covers the reference comfortably. A large daily handful every day risks overshooting the safe upper level over time.
Does selenium support the thyroid?
Yes, the enzymes that activate thyroid hormone are selenium-dependent, which is why adequate intake matters for normal thyroid function.